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Displaying 1 to 25 of 36596 records (0.301 seconds)

Meeting summaries: Advances in the use of historical marine climate data

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GC Oceanography
Description
SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ADVANCES IN THE USE OF HISTORICAL MARINE CLIMATE DATA WHAT: Sixty participants - marine data users and managers of marine data and products - from eight countries met to set priorities for the future development of marine climate data and products WHEN: 17–20 October 2005 WHERE: Met Office, Exeter, United Kingdom

The effect of regulatory focus on the shape of probability-weighting function: evidence from a cross- modality matching method

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BF Psychology
Description
Prospect theory (Kahneman and Tversky, 1979 and Kahneman and Tversky, 1984) suggests that when people are presented with objective probabilities they (a) underweight high probabilities (e.g., behave as if 99% likelihood of an event is lower than 99%), (b) overweight low probabilities, and (c) are relatively insensitive to differences among moderate probabilities. We hypothesized that these biases will be found under prevention focus ( Higgins, 1997), which can be triggered by security needs, and ...
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Psychological distance

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BF Psychology ; HM Sociology
Description

Psychological distance

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BF Psychology
Description

Attitudes and beliefs that predict older people's intention to undertake strength and balance training

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RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology ; RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine ; BF Psychology
Description
Many older people refuse to participate in programs of strength and balance training (SBT), limiting their effectiveness for falls prevention. To persuade older people to take up SBT, we need to know whether their intention to undertake SBT is motivated by the perceived threat of falling or the perceived suitability and benefits of SBT. A survey of 558 people aged 60 to 95 years assessed intention to undertake SBT, as well as measures of threat appraisal (concern about falling, perceived risk, a ...
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New paradigm research in palliative care

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RT Nursing ; BF Psychology
Description

Catharsis in palliative care

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R Medicine (General) ; BF Psychology
Description

Tropisetron versus Metoclopramide in the control of emesis in far-advanced cancer

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RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer) ; BF Psychology
Description
The present study was conducted to assess the optimum treatment for nausea and vomiting in patients with far advanced cancer. More specifically, we studied patients with cancers that were too far advanced to benefit from chemotherapy or radiotherapy and whose nausea and vomiting were not due to drug intake, cranial, electrolytic, or metabolic causes. One hundred twenty patients who were under antiemetic medication with metoclopramide (MET) and suddenly presented with uncontrolled nausea and vomi ...
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Comparison of the efficacy and safety of tropisetron, metoclopramide, and chlorpromazine in the treatment of emesis associated with far advanced cancer

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RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer) ; BF Psychology
Description
Background: a single institution, prospective, randomized trial was performed in terminal cancer patients to compare tropisetron (TRO), metoclopramide (MET), and chlorpromazine (CHL) in the management of nausea and emesis. Patients had far advanced cancer, were far removed from chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and their nausea and emesis was not due to bowel obstruction, drug intake, or cranial, electrolytic, or metabolic causes. The effects of antiemetic treatments were evaluated from Days 1-15. M ...
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What do Greek physicians know about managing cancer pain?

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RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer) ; BF Psychology
Description
Background: pain is prevalent in cancer patients. Although the World Health Organization has issued guidelines for treating pain in cancer patients, pain is often not treated optimally. Numerous barriers have been identified that prevent health care professionals from providing effective treatment for pain. The knowledge and attitudes of health care professionals with regard to pain and its impact on the patient are among them. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate knowledge about and ...
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Hypnosis in cancer care

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RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer) ; BF Psychology
Description
Despite conclusive evidence for the efficacy of clinical hypnosis in the management of many cancer related symptoms and particularly acute and chronic pain, hypnosis is currently under-utilized in these applications. This paper gives a brief overview of the contemporary uses of hypnosis in paediatric and adult oncology and shows how hypnosis can be integrated into a total therapeutic process based on the needs and goals of the patient and the health care team treating them. The first section des ...
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Understanding children's pain through drawings

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RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer) ; BF Psychology ; RJ Pediatrics
Description

Acute procedural pain management

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R Medicine (General) ; BF Psychology
Description

Attention bias to threat faces in children with bipolar disorder and comorbid lifetime anxiety disorders

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RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; BF Psychology ; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services
Description
Background: although comorbid anxiety disorders are common in children with bipolar disorder (BD), it is unclear how this comorbidity impacts the pathophysiology of the illness. Methods: pediatric BD with lifetime anxiety (BD+ANX, n = 20), BD without lifetime anxiety (BD-ANX, n = 11), and controls (n = 14) were administered the visual-probe paradigm, which assesses attention bias to threat faces. Results: bipolar disorder +ANX demonstrated a stronger bias toward threat relative to BD-ANX and con ...
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How many questions should I answer? Using bias profiles to estimate optimal bias and maximum score on formula-scored tests. (In special issue on: Bridging cognitive science and education: learning, memory, and metacognition.)

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BF Psychology
Description

The effect of angry face targets in the rapid serial visual presentation design

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BF Psychology
Description

Implicit self-esteem and narcissism: rethinking the link

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BF Psychology
Description
Several studies have found that explicit and implicit self-esteem interact to predict narcissism. These findings have been interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that narcissists have high but fragile self-esteem. However, we contend that these findings are neither empirically consistent nor conceptually coherent. We instead hypothesize that explicit and implicit self-esteem should predict narcissism independently, respectively in a positive and negative direction. In a large multi-session stu ...
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Understanding psychological distress in Ménière's disease: a systematic review

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RF Otorhinolaryngology ; BF Psychology
Description
It has long been suspected that psychological disturbance is common in Ménière’s disease (MD), but there has been no systematic review of research on this topic since 1977. The aim of this review was to investigate whether components of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or health anxiety contribute to distress, so that support and psychological therapy can be tailored better to the particular problems of people with MD. We systematically identified all studies of psychological factors associ ...
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Post-event processing in social anxiety

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RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology ; BF Psychology
Description
Clark and Wells’ [1995. A cognitive model of social phobia. In: R. Heimberg, M. Liebowitz, D.A. Hope, & F.R. Schneier (Eds.) Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment and treatment (pp. 69–93). New York: Guildford Press.] cognitive model of social phobia proposes that following a social event, individuals with social phobia will engage in post-event processing, during which they conduct a detailed review of the event. This study investigated the relationship between self-appraisals of performance and ...
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Does anticipation help or hinder performance in a subsequent speech?

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BF Psychology
Description
This study examined the effects of anticipatory processing on a subsequent speech in high and low socially anxious participants. Forty participants (n = 20 in each group) gave two speeches, one after no anticipatory processing and one after 10-minutes of anticipatory processing. In anticipatory processing, high socially anxious participants were more anxious, and experienced more negative and unhelpful self-images than low socially anxious participants did. However, both groups rated memories of ...
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The spotlight effect and the illusion of transparency in social anxiety

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BF Psychology
Description
[Clark, D. M., & Wells, A. (1995). A cognitive model of social phobia. In: R. G. Heimberg, M. R. Liebowitz, D. A. Hope, & F. R. Schneier (Eds.), Social phobia: diagnosis, assessment, and treatment (pp. 69–93). New York: Guildford Press] cognitive model of social phobia suggests that both public and private sources of information contribute to the construction of the self as a social object, which is thought to maintain the disorder. This study used two concepts developed in social psychology tha ...
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A controlled trial of skin-to-skin contact in extremely preterm infants

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BF Psychology ; RJ Pediatrics
Description
Background: extremely preterm birth, even in the absence of significant neurological impairment, is associated with altered pain responses and impaired memory and behaviour. Preterm birth increases the risk of maternal depression and may impede the development of the mother-infant relationship, factors that in turn are also associated with impaired infant outcome. Mother-infant skin-to-skin contact has been recommended as a simple means of ameliorating these effects. Methods: we conducted a prag ...
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Pro-social behaviour and behaviour problems independently predict maternal stress

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HQ The family. Marriage. Woman ; BF Psychology
Description
Parents of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities generally report more stress than other parents. Child behavioural features, and specifically their behaviour problems, have been shown to account for some of the variation in parents' experience of stress. However, there has been no exploration of whether the child's pro-social behaviour is predictive of parenting stress. In the present study, 74 mothers of children with intellectual disabilities completed measures of stress a ...
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Research and policy in young people's sexual health

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RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine ; BF Psychology
Description

The subjective meanings of sex and sexual satisfaction among more active young adults in Slovakia

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HT Communities. Classes. Races ; BF Psychology
Description